GBH Documentaries
Dukakis: Recipe for Democracy
Special | 28m 21sVideo has Closed Captions
Former presidential candidate and lifelong public servant Michael Dukakis reflects on democracy.
As a son of immigrants, Massachusetts' longest-serving governor Michael Dukakis learned to waste nothing and embrace public service as a noble profession. At the age of 85, he remains as committed as ever to passing along these lessons, especially to young people. That includes inviting fellow citizens to renew their faith in democracy, and each other, over a bowl of homemade turkey soup.
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Problems playing video? | Closed Captioning Feedback
GBH Documentaries is a local public television program presented by GBH
GBH Documentaries
Dukakis: Recipe for Democracy
Special | 28m 21sVideo has Closed Captions
As a son of immigrants, Massachusetts' longest-serving governor Michael Dukakis learned to waste nothing and embrace public service as a noble profession. At the age of 85, he remains as committed as ever to passing along these lessons, especially to young people. That includes inviting fellow citizens to renew their faith in democracy, and each other, over a bowl of homemade turkey soup.
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[Crowd chants] Dukakis!
Dukakis!
Dukakis!
Dukakis!
Dukakis!
-(upbeat music) -!My friends, four years from now, -when our citizens walk -along Pennsylvania Avenue, -in Washington, DC, -or when they see a picture of -!the White House on television, -I want them to be proud -of their government.
-(audience cheers) -I want them to be proud -of a government -that sets high standards not -just for the American people, -!but high standards for itself.
-(audience applauds) -We will fight for the ideals -of this, our country.
-!We will revere and obey the law.
-(audience applauds) -And that is my pledge to you, -my fellow Americans.
-!Thank you all very, very much.
-(audience cheers) -(lively music) -(train rumbling) -[Dukakis] Hi there.
-Okay.
-We'll see tonight how we are.
-Of course.
-Early.
-- Oh, boy.
-Are we doing that these days?
-I guess so.
-They're not supposed to.
-- I don't think so.
-- Yeah, very unfortunate... -I mean, your name -is in the book?
-Yeah.
Your name and address.
-That's all you need.
-[Dukakis] Hi there!
-Happy Election Day!
-(cheerful music) -But it is an interesting -process, isn't it?
-!All this work, all this effort, -and all of a sudden, -on a given day... -I'm 85 now, -so a lot of these kids -weren't alive -when I was governor.
-And they don't know me -from a cord of wood.
-But being on campus, -working with some terrific -fellow faculty folks.
-!Being involved in campus life, -and more especially -having a chance -to work with these -young people -is really one of the best -things I've ever done.
-(Dukakis humming) -People still in there?
-- Hello.
-How are you?
-Looks like an exam, eh?
-Good morning, how are you?
-Good holiday?
-!- Good.
How are you, professor?
-How was your Thanksgiving?
-- It was good, it was good.
-Situation on the border isn't -getting any better, is it?
-- No, it was bad last night.
-You know, -people don't know that... -Well, a lot of people -don't know that -[student] I just flew back -from home last night.
-- Did you?
-- And for me, -it's a little different, -I have a US passport, -but they won't let you -leave the country -!without a booked return flight.
-You need to have an address -!where you're going to in the US, -and they're like -checking everything.
-I don't know.
-!The vetting process right now.
-!It's like flying out of Mexico -to here is impossible now.
-- Hi there.
-(students chatting) -(rain thrumming) -(gentle music) -I remember when we moved -from next door, to here.
-And I said to Kitty, "That's -the last time I'm moving."
-It was just next door.
-Here you go, love.
-- Okay.
Put it over there.
-Do you want to take her?
-- Yeah.
Come on, -come on, let's go.
-We've lived in this house -for nearly 50 years.
-I think, at least for me, -roots are important.
-!Let's go up this way, sweetheart -I'll grab it.
-You got her?
-- Yeah.
-- Okay.
-God, this stuff is thick.
-Come on, Kami.
-Come on, let's go.
-Living in a neighborhood -!where you know your neighbors, -is important.
-!You know, walking familiar paths -and connecting with people, -institutions, -things that have been part of -!your life, are very important.
-I mean, this is home.
-Now, Kitty and I, from the -time we were married -agreed on two things.
-First, no politics on Sunday -and dinner at home at -six o'clock at night.
-No exceptions.
-And we still stick with that.
-(bag crumpling) -This is a particularly -good day to make soup.
-It's cold outside and wet -and snowy, -and as it cooks, -it starts smelling good.
-You have to do a little -bit of cutting here -so I can fit this thing -in my pot.
-First time I started making -turkey soup was shortly -after Kitty declared -!independence from the kitchen.
-And she likes my food.
-(chuckles) -She likes eating it.
-If you are the son -of Greek immigrants, -!believe me, you waste nothing.
-I mean nothing.
-They use everything.
-And maybe that's true of -immigrant families generally.
-You never threw out anything.
-You made sure -that you used everything.
-My turkey soup recipe -is my mother's recipe.
-And it's as good now -as it's ever been.
-The words I used to hear -all the time was -"Oikonomía, Micháli, -oikonomía, Micháli," -which in Greek roughly is -"Save it, -don't waste it, Michael."
-That's how their son grew up.
-(Dukakis laughs) -!Never been able to get over it.
-Hated waste in government -(Dukakis chuckles) -and in one's personal life.
-My parents had, I think, -the same love -of America that -most immigrants have.
-That it was a remarkable -country.
-Both of them had come over -relatively young.
-My dad from a predominantly -Greek town in western Turkey -when he was 15, -in 1912, when the Young Turk -movement was just beginning.
-And how he, 12 years later, -graduated from -Harvard Medical School, -I have no idea.
-He didn't speak the language, -didn't have a -nickel in his pocket.
-Had a couple of brothers who -!were working the textile mills -in Lowell and Lawrence.
-My mother came over here -when she was nine -from central Greece -with her family, -they settled in Haverhill.
-Most of the members of -the family worked -in those shoe factories.
-And thanks to an elementary -school principal -named Stanley Gray, -my mother was the -first Greek girl -ever to go away to college, -unescorted, -in the history of -the United States -and went to Bates College -and graduated -Phi Beta Kappa in 1925.
-So, you can imagine -how they felt -about a country that had -given them such opportunity -and such advantages.
-(elevator beeps) -(gentle music) -Hi there.
-!Did you get a hold of Grodberg?
-- I reached out, -but unfortunately -he did not answer.
-So what I'm going to do... -- I got to email him.
-- Yeah.
-- What's his email?
-[Gallego] Yeah, give me -one second.
-I'll pull that up for you.
-There was a wait list -for his class, -about 30 people, because, -I mean, -everybody's always wanted -to take his course.
-So I meet with him -and I just blatantly ask him, -"Hey, governor, can you just -!let me sneak into your class?"
-And he's like, -"Oh yeah, absolutely.
-Just come on in the first day -and we'll -figure out the rest after."
-Obviously, there is the age -difference and all, -but I really do think -like the values are there, -the aspiration.
-He's definitely been someone -that has driven me -to pursue -a career in public service.
-He's really been someone to, -you know, -strategize with me -on what I should do, -not only for myself, -but obviously to give back -to my community -!and the best way I can do that.
-So I was originally -born in Colombia, -Medellin, Colombia.
-And my family actually had -to flee the country -when I was seven years old.
-We moved in and it was -my whole family -and we were living with -my aunt.
-!It was a one-bedroom apartment -right here in Boston, -!and there's five people living -in it for a couple months.
-He always tells me about how -his parents both immigrated -to the US, and how he grew up -to be the Democratic nominee -to be president -of the United States.
-!And really that American dream.
-Every Greek kid knows that -democracy began in Athens.
-I was a third grader -at the Baker School -in Brookline, Massachusetts.
-Even if you were a -third grader in World War II, -you knew that -things were going on.
-And you knew if you were -Greek American -that the Nazis were doing a -!terrible number on the Greeks.
-!And people aren't aware of this, -but there were 100,000 -Greek Jews -who lived in Greece and had -been there for generations.
-Only 5,000 survived, -and we knew about that.
-We knew about what was -going on.
-!And we had relatives over there -and the word was coming back -and so forth.
-In any event, my teacher, -a woman named Mary Ripley, -decided to have an election -of class officers -in the third grade.
-I have no idea why I ran -for the presidency of -the third grade class.
-I have no idea why my -classmates voted for me.
-But I was elected president -of the third grade class -(Dukakis chuckles) -at the Baker School.
-And certainly by the -time I was nine or ten, -I was becoming aware -politically.
-We would have visitors -from time to time -who had somehow -gotten out of Greece -and would come and have -dinner with us and talk about -what was going on -during the occupation.
-!This is Brookline High School.
-It's the school I went to, -and I used to hitchhike -from South Brookline, -which was several miles away, -every morning down here, -successfully.
-!Loved school, loved high school.
-Did well academically, -was a three sport athlete.
-And it was just one of those -good enriching (chuckles) -days full of activity.
-!And it was where I was elected -to the student council -and presided over the -dedication, -in 1949, see it?
-Of this building as student -council president.
-And played my basketball in -!what was then a brand new gym.
-Hi there.
How are you?
-Good to see you.
-(gentle music) -Well, this is where I came, -in my first elected office.
-I was a Town Meeting member -in the town of Brookline.
-You run from a precinct for -three-year terms.
-You don't get paid.
-But you are one of the -community leaders of sorts, -particularly in your -neighborhood.
-And I was at law school -at the time, -decided to run, printed up -some cards.
-Went out, rang every single -doorbell in the precinct.
-Stood in front of the -polling place for 13 hours -and got myself elected.
-And this is where I first -began engaging in, -what, official -debate on major issues.
-I used to be a student -in this place.
-- Who do you think this is?
-- Hi, -I used to be the governor, -Mike Dukakis.
-- I knew it, I knew it!
-Oh my gosh, I knew it!
-- Who ran for president -of the United States.
-- Sorry I lost -to that Bush guy.
-But "Dukakis", "Dukakis", -you know, -in those days we were so -ethnically conscious.
-- Right, right.
-- And you guys have no idea -about the amount of racial -and religious prejudice -!that was around in those days.
-You know, this business about -"When America was great..." -People of color could not -!live in the town of Brookline.
-With three exceptions, -two janitors' families -and my homeroom classmate, -Afrika Hayes, -whose father, Roland Hayes, -was a internationally -renowned tenor.
-- Yeah, right.
-That was it.
-If you were Black, you didn't -!live in the town of Brookline.
-And the antisemitism -was terrible.
-We had two big groups in the -high school at the time, -the Jewish kids and -the Irish kids.
-There was virtually no -inter-religious dating -of any kind of folks.
-Then there were neutrals -like me, you know, -the Greek kid, and I could -kind of roam around.
-Yeah.
-- That was life back when -America was great, right?
-- Yeah.
-(teacher laughs) -(gentle music) -I always had what a famous -American philosopher called - "A sense of injustice."
-I was running for reelection -for a third term, in 1986.
-And had pretty much quietly -decided that I wanted -to serve a third term -and then wrap it up.
-I mean, after 12 years, -I don't care -how great you are, -people are going to start -!getting a little tired of you.
-And then the Iran-Contra -scandal hit -during the -Reagan administration.
-Which was just outrageous.
-That Congress -had legislated an end -to our intervention -in Nicaragua, -which had been -a disaster anyway.
-And in violation of that, -the president and -the vice president -and the Reagan administration -generally, -had deliberately broken the -law by working on a deal -with Iran, of all places.
-That would make it -possible for them -to transfer weapons -to the Contras, -the outfit -that we were financing -to try to overturn -the Sandinista government -in Nicaragua.
-I mean, illegalities -all over the place.
-And it's the president -of the United States -and his administration -that are breaking the law.
-That kind of set me off.
-I don't like people -who break the law, -especially presidents -that break the law.
-It was only as a result -of Iran-Contra -that I started thinking -seriously about running -for the presidency, -because I was so appalled -by what was going on.
-The scrutiny was intense.
-No question about it.
-More intense than I had -ever experienced as governor.
-I'm in politics for, I hope, -the best reasons.
-I thought it was time -for something positive -and something that would -maybe be somewhat uplifting.
-But the fact remains, -!and if we needed that election -to remind us of it, -you cannot let the other guy -just kind of go at you.
-Especially -!some of the folks we're seeing -in politics these days who -!are just constantly attacking, -attacking, attacking.
-Insulting, you know, -all this kind of stuff.
-I made a decision, -it was my fault, -nobody else's, -it was my responsibility, -that I was not going to -respond to -the Bush attack campaign.
-Unfortunately, -the decision to not deal -with the attack campaign, -I think had a lot to do -with my losing.
-(pensive music) -Well, my last two years -as governor, -after the presidential run -weren't fun.
-Coulda, woulda, shoulda, -you know, that's life.
-(pot hissing) -I feel like a surgeon here.
-My recipe for democracy -is active participation -in the process.
-And not getting sidetracked -by individuals or movements -that clearly -don't believe in it.
-And we best -take that seriously.
-(tense music) -January 6th.
-It's something -to be concerned about.
-Because if people start -getting into the notion -that they can -rebel anytime they want to, -we're in trouble.
-This is a very precious gift -that we have, -and it's something -that has got to be nurtured -and supported -on a constant basis.
-(Dukakis humming) -Those things will kill you.
-What is it about -transportation that argues -for a substantial -federal presence, folks?
-Well, and it's -a national system.
-I mean, in this day and age, -you want -a transportation system -which serves -the entire country, -the entire economy, -and does so well.
-Who was the president who was -principally responsible -for the -transcontinental railroad?
-Any of you know?
-!A huge achievement at the time.
-Remember, it took, what?
-Weeks, months to -get across the country -in a covered wagon.
-How long once the -transcontinental railroad -was completed?
-Any of you know?
-Abraham Lincoln right in the -middle of the Civil War.
-And they did.
-And they moved a hell of -!a lot faster than we're moving -these days on -some of these projects.
-I mean, those Chinese -and Irish immigrants -were laying four miles -of track a day.
-These days, there is a fellow -at the State -Department of Transportation -that says it's going to -take us six years just -to permit the -North South Rail Link.
-Can you believe that?
-Just for permitting.
-(gentle music) -(Dukakis whistling) -the North-South T.
-It's such a no brainer, -I don't understand.
-Wouldn't that be -an awesome thing?
-Can you imagine how -many people we could move?
-Probably take 80,000 people -out of their cars every day.
-No question, but when you're -used to moving on this stuff, -!this is torture, for God's sake.
-Sheesh.
It's ridiculous.
-What the hell -are they scared of?
-They may be scared -of the scope of the project.
-And that's a very good guy -who's involved.
-- Yeah.
-What the hell do they -get paid for?
-[Gallego] What do you think -will come next of it?
-- Huh?
-- What do you think will -come next of it?
-I have no idea.
-Kitty and I have been riding -the T since we were five, -in the old wooden streetcars -in those days.
-So there's nothing unusual -!about my desire to ride the T.
-Now, I also happen to be a -rather passionate supporter -of public transportation.
-We've organized a group of -now over 200 people -who are part of this -working group.
-Over a hundred of them are -members of -the state legislature.
-They're trying to deal with -this problem every day -in their communities.
-And they're not getting much -help at the State House.
-People like transit and want -!to ride it, provided it works.
-And that's what's so -frustrating about this.
-It was not an encouraging -report, folks.
-!This administration just isn't -excited, interested, -energized, -to move on this thing.
-How can you have a -regional rail system -with a one-mile hole -in the middle of it?
-It's just ridiculous.
-And by the way, I've had -occasion to read the plan -for Toronto on the -same subject.
-And it's really -kind of embarrassing -to see how far that -city has come in planning -for this kind of a system.
-And where we are.
-So my conclusion is that -we've got to step this up.
-With press and otherwise.
-And join this parade -in a very serious way.
-(gentle music) -[Gallego] So I graduated -December 2019.
-I got lucky, honestly, -right before the pandemic -and everything happened.
-I was at the time -actually working -on Senator Ed Markey's -re-election campaign.
-I mean, of course that's -when COVID hit.
-I got a call from -Mayor Kim Driscoll, -who offered me to join her -team as campaign manager -and in a heartbeat, -I of course said yes.
-- Where are you guys headed -today, I heard East Boston?
-Yeah, this morning -we started off in Salem, -so right at home.
-And then we're here with -you guys -and then heading over -to East Boston -with Congresswoman -Ayanna Pressley.
-- Okay, great.
-It'll be good.
-I think its perfect because -it really speaks to -what Governor Dukakis -really drove home, -!is, you know, a precinct-based -grassroots campaign.
-And that's what -we're doing here.
-Election day is on Tuesday.
-So we are just gathering, -helping folks -to get all the information -!they need to go door knocking.
-Yeah.
Don't forget to vote.
-Have you voted yet?
-I'll be 71 -the last of this month, -and I never voted in my life.
-[Gallego] Well, -why don't we start this year?
-unless we have a -public transit system -that is funded, -that is not mismanaged.
-And I know that we -will have that -in a Healey-Driscoll -administration.
-(crowd applauds) -[Driscoll] -I can't thank you enough.
-Let's go get 'em with -three days to go.
-We can't do it without you.
-So thank you for being here.
-Thanks for all the work -that you're going to do -over the next three days -and all the work we're -going to do together -over the next three and -a half years.
-(crowd cheers) -[Dukakis] There's nothing -more personally fulfilling -and satisfying than being -in a position -where you can make a -difference in the lives -of your fellow citizens.
-And it's a gradual process.
-You don't suddenly wake up -one day -!and say, "Hey, I can do things."
-It's a process over time.
-!And if you are fortunate enough -!to be able to win public office -at higher and higher levels -and bring other people -together with you, -!there is nothing you can't do, -frankly.
-(bus whooshing by) -(gentle music) -[Gallego] There are so many -ways to impact change -and be a public servant.
-And I think it's important -for folks to remember that.
-You don't need to put -your name on the ballot.
-You don't need to be -campaigning -day in and day out.
-There's small ways to -impact your community -and impact the lives of -your neighbors.
-And we don't even realize it -sometimes, -but it's what makes our -communities great.
-It's amazing to think -that a year ago today, -our ticket won.
-We were voted into the -governor's office.
-!It is very different to go from -being on the campaign trail -to actually governing.
-As deputy chief of staff here -in the governor's office, -I'm tasked to oversee -whatever comes -through the desk of -the governor -and lieutenant governor.
-We're an old state.
-Several of our communities -are about -!to hit the 400-year anniversary.
-And there are a lot of -infrastructure needs, -our roads, our bridges.
-We are getting older.
-I'm constantly picking up -the phone, -calling Governor Dukakis, -asking him for advice.
-There doesn't go a day where -he doesn't, -!of course, bring up his project, -the North South Rail Link.
-!It's one of the missing pieces -to complete the Big Dig.
-And it will really be a -valuable resource for folks -to commute from literally -North and South Stations -and beyond our state.
-(audience cheers) -One of the things that I'm -proudest of in this campaign -!is the thousands and thousands -of young people who are -involved.
-(audience cheers) -!I hope many of you will go into -politics and public service.
-It is a noble profession, -a noble profession.
-(audience cheers) -You know, achieving -a democracy -that is as good as it -possibly can be is a work -in progress all the time.
-Is this a better country -than it was when I was a kid?
-No question about it.
-Do we have things to do?
-Yeah, we have a lot of things -to do.
-Terrific.
Have some.
-What do you think?
-"Fanfare for Michael Dukakis" -by John Williams plays
Dukakis: Recipe for Democracy - Trailer
Preview: Special | 57s | Former presidential candidate and lifelong public servant Michael Dukakis reflects on democracy. (57s)
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